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l0rinc and others added 10 commits January 12, 2026 16:48
Add a unit test that exercises the `IsInitialBlockDownload()` decision matrix by varying the cached latch, `BlockManager::LoadingBlocks()`, and tip work/recency inputs.

This documents the current latching behavior and provides a baseline for later refactors.
Rename and invert the internal IBD latch so the cached value directly matches `IsInitialBlockDownload()` (true while in IBD, then latched to false).

This is a behavior-preserving refactor to avoid double negatives.
Factor the chain tip work/recency check out of `ChainstateManager::IsInitialBlockDownload()` into a reusable `CChain::IsTipRecent()` helper, and annotate it as requiring `cs_main` since it's reading mutable state.

Also introduce a local `chainman_ref` in the kernel import-blocks wrapper to reduce repetition and keep follow-up diffs small.

`IsInitialBlockDownload` returns were also unified to make the followup move clean.

Co-authored-by: Patrick Strateman <patrick.strateman@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Zumsande <mzumsande@gmail.com>
`ChainstateManager::IsInitialBlockDownload()` is queried on hot paths and previously acquired `cs_main` internally, contributing to lock contention.

Cache the IBD status in `m_cached_is_ibd`, and introduce `ChainstateManager::UpdateIBDStatus()` to latch it once block loading has finished and the current chain tip has enough work and is recent.
Call the updater after tip updates and after `ImportBlocks()` completes.

Since `IsInitialBlockDownload()` no longer updates the cache, drop `mutable` from `m_cached_is_ibd` and only update it from `UpdateIBDStatus()` under `cs_main`.

Update the new unit test to showcase the new `UpdateIBDStatus()`.

Co-authored-by: Patrick Strateman <patrick.strateman@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Zumsande <mzumsande@gmail.com>
On FreeBSD, the default ephemeral port range (10000-65535) overlaps
with the test framework's static port range (11000-26000), causing
intermittent "address already in use" failures when tests use dynamic
port allocation (port=0).

Add a helper function that sets the IP_PORTRANGE/IPV6_PORTRANGE socket
option to IP_PORTRANGE_HIGH before binding, which requests ports from
the high range (49152-65535) instead. This range does not overlap with
the test framework's static ports.

Constants from FreeBSD's netinet/in.h and netinet6/in6.h:
- IP_PORTRANGE = 19 (for IPv4 sockets)
- IPV6_PORTRANGE = 14 (for IPv6 sockets)
- IP_PORTRANGE_HIGH = 1

Fixes: #34331

Co-Authored-By: Vasil Dimov <vd@FreeBSD.org>
Co-Authored-By: MarcoFalke <*~=\`'#}+{/-|&$^_@721217.xyz>
The previous commit added set_ephemeral_port_range() to
avoid port conflicts on FreeBSD by requesting ports from the high
ephemeral range (49152-65535) instead of the default range
which overlaps with the test framework's static port range.

That fix was applied to the SOCKS5 server but not to P2P listeners
created via NetworkThread.create_listen_server(). This commit extends
the fix to cover P2P listeners as well.

When port=0 is requested (dynamic allocation), we now:
1. Manually create a socket with the appropriate address family
2. Call set_ephemeral_port_range() to configure the port range
3. Bind and listen on the socket
4. Pass the pre-configured socket to asyncio's create_server()

This ensures that dynamically allocated ports for P2P listeners also
come from the high range on FreeBSD, avoiding conflicts with the test
framework's static port assignments.

Co-Authored-By: Vasil Dimov <vd@FreeBSD.org>
fad0422 refactor: Remove remaining std::bind, check via clang-tidy (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  `std::bind` has many issues:

  * It is verbose in a meaningless way
  * Overriden args are silently accepted and dropped at runtime without a compile error. Same for accidental duplicates.

  One could use `std::bind_front` similar to commit fa26755. Though, I think the remaining cases are better off with lambdas.

  So do that here, and enable the `modernize-avoid-bind` clang-tidy rule to avoid `std::bind` bugs in the future.

ACKs for top commit:
  fjahr:
    Code review ACK fad0422
  purpleKarrot:
    Code review ACK fad0422

Tree-SHA512: 38b17e26eda3ae47d84a8c34298309dc1eeb4ed434fda58b5803ef031c4c2edfb17222f5208f37af727bf340e32b37c7f81784f461d2b65fbc6227f3cd53eea4
…lockDownload()`

557b41a validation: make `IsInitialBlockDownload()` lock-free (Lőrinc)
b9c0ab3 chain: add `CChain::IsTipRecent` helper (Lőrinc)
8d531c6 validation: invert `m_cached_finished_ibd` to `m_cached_is_ibd` (Lőrinc)
8be54e3 test: cover IBD exit conditions (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  This PR is a follow-up to the stale #32885.

  ### Problem
  `ChainstateManager::IsInitialBlockDownload()` currently acquires `cs_main` internally, even though most existing call sites already hold the lock. This becomes relevant for proposals like #34054, which would call `IsInitialBlockDownload()` from the scheduler thread without holding `cs_main`, potentially introducing lock contention.

  ### Fix
  Make `ChainstateManager::IsInitialBlockDownload()` lock-free by caching its result in a single atomic `m_cached_is_ibd` (true while in IBD, latched to false on exit).
  Move the IBD exit checks out of `IsInitialBlockDownload()` (reader-side) into a new `ChainstateManager::UpdateIBDStatus()` (writer-side, called under cs_main).

  Call UpdateIBDStatus() at strategic points where IBD exit conditions may change, after active chain tip updates in `ConnectTip()`, `DisconnectTip()`, and `LoadChainTip()`, and after `ImportBlocks()` returns.

  With this, `IsInitialBlockDownload()` becomes a lock-free atomic read, avoiding internal `cs_main` acquisition on hot paths.

  ### Testing and Benchmarks
  This isn't strictly an optimization (though some usecases might benefit from it), so rather as a sanity check I ran a reindex-chainstate and an `AssumeUTXO` load (without background validation).

  <details>
  <summary>assumeutxo load | 910000 blocks | dbcache 4500 | i9-ssd | x86_64 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9900K CPU @ 3.60GHz | 16 cores | 62Gi RAM | xfs | SSD</summary>

  ```
  COMMITS="595504a43209bead162da54a204df7d140a25f0e 63e822b"; \
  CC=gcc; CXX=g++; \
  BASE_DIR="/mnt/my_storage"; DATA_DIR="$BASE_DIR/ShallowBitcoinData"; LOG_DIR="$BASE_DIR/logs"; UTXO_SNAPSHOT_PATH="$BASE_DIR/utxo-910000.dat"; \
  (echo ""; for c in $COMMITS; do git fetch -q origin $c && git log -1 --pretty='%h %s' $c || exit 1; done; echo "") && \
  for DBCACHE in 4500; do \
    (echo "assumeutxo load | 910000 blocks | dbcache ${DBCACHE} | $(hostname) | $(uname -m) | $(lscpu | grep 'Model name' | head -1 | cut -d: -f2 | xargs) | $(nproc) cores | $(free -h | awk '/^Mem:/{print $2}') RAM | $(df -T $BASE_DIR | awk 'NR==2{print $2}') | $(lsblk -no ROTA $(df --output=source $BASE_DIR | tail -1) | grep -q 0 && echo SSD || echo HDD)";) &&\
    hyperfine \
    --sort command \
    --runs 3 \
    --export-json "$BASE_DIR/assumeutxo-$(sed -E 's/(\w{8})\w+ ?/\1-/g;s/-$//'<<<"$COMMITS")-$DBCACHE-$CC-$(date +%s).json" \
    --parameter-list COMMIT ${COMMITS// /,} \
    --prepare "killall -9 bitcoind 2>/dev/null; rm -rf $DATA_DIR/blocks $DATA_DIR/chainstate $DATA_DIR/chainstate_snapshot $DATA_DIR/debug.log; git clean -fxd; git reset --hard {COMMIT} && \
               cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo && ninja -C build bitcoind bitcoin-cli -j2 && \
               ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=$DATA_DIR -stopatheight=1 -printtoconsole=0; sleep 20 && \
               ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=$DATA_DIR -daemon -blocksonly -connect=0 -dbcache=$DBCACHE -printtoconsole=0; sleep 20" \
     --conclude "build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=$DATA_DIR stop || true; killall bitcoind || true; sleep 10; \
                 echo '{COMMIT} | dbcache=$DBCACHE | chainstate: $(find $DATA_DIR/chainstate_snapshot -type f 2>/dev/null | wc -l) files, $(du -sb $DATA_DIR/chainstate_snapshot 2>/dev/null | cut -f1) bytes' >> $DATA_DIR/debug.log; \
                 cp $DATA_DIR/debug.log $LOG_DIR/debug-assumeutxo-{COMMIT}-dbcache-$DBCACHE-$(date +%s).log" \
      "COMPILER=$CC DBCACHE=$DBCACHE ./build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=$DATA_DIR -rpcclienttimeout=0 loadtxoutset $UTXO_SNAPSHOT_PATH"; \
  done

  595504a Merge #34236: Add sedited to trusted-keys
  63e822b validation: make `IsInitialBlockDownload()` lock-free

  assumeutxo load | 910000 blocks | dbcache 4500 | i9-ssd | x86_64 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9900K CPU @ 3.60GHz | 16 cores | 62Gi RAM | xfs | SSD

  Benchmark 1: COMPILER=gcc DBCACHE=4500 ./build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/ShallowBitcoinData -rpcclienttimeout=0 loadtxoutset /mnt/my_storage/utxo-910000.dat (COMMIT = 595504a)
    Time (mean ± σ):     418.452 s ±  0.461 s    [User: 0.001 s, System: 0.001 s]
    Range (min … max):   418.070 s … 418.964 s    3 runs

  Benchmark 2: COMPILER=gcc DBCACHE=4500 ./build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/ShallowBitcoinData -rpcclienttimeout=0 loadtxoutset /mnt/my_storage/utxo-910000.dat (COMMIT = 63e822b)
    Time (mean ± σ):     415.994 s ±  0.294 s    [User: 0.001 s, System: 0.001 s]
    Range (min … max):   415.788 s … 416.330 s    3 runs

  Relative speed comparison
          1.01 ±  0.00  COMPILER=gcc DBCACHE=4500 ./build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/ShallowBitcoinData -rpcclienttimeout=0 loadtxoutset /mnt/my_storage/utxo-910000.dat (COMMIT = 595504a)
          1.00          COMPILER=gcc DBCACHE=4500 ./build/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/ShallowBitcoinData -rpcclienttimeout=0 loadtxoutset /mnt/my_storage/utxo-910000.dat (COMMIT = 63e822b)
  ```

  </details>

  <details>
  <summary>2026-01-12 | reindex-chainstate | 931139 blocks | dbcache 4500 | i9-ssd | x86_64 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9900K CPU @ 3.60GHz | 16 cores | 62Gi RAM | SSD</summary>

  ```
  for DBCACHE in 4500; do \
    COMMITS="595504a43209bead162da54a204df7d140a25f0e 63e822b"; \
    STOP=931139; CC=gcc; CXX=g++; \
    BASE_DIR="/mnt/my_storage"; DATA_DIR="$BASE_DIR/BitcoinData"; LOG_DIR="$BASE_DIR/logs"; \
    (echo ""; for c in $COMMITS; do git fetch -q origin $c && git log -1 --pretty='%h %s' $c || exit 1; done) && \
    (echo "" && echo "$(date -I) | reindex-chainstate | ${STOP} blocks | dbcache ${DBCACHE} | $(hostname) | $(uname -m) | $(lscpu | grep 'Model name' | head -1 | cut -d: -f2 | xargs) | $(nproc) cores | $(free -h | awk '/^Mem:/{print $2}') RAM | SSD"; echo "") &&\
    hyperfine \
      --sort command \
      --runs 1 \
      --export-json "$BASE_DIR/rdx-$(sed -E 's/(\w{8})\w+ ?/\1-/g;s/-$//'<<<"$COMMITS")-$STOP-$DBCACHE-$CC.json" \
      --parameter-list COMMIT ${COMMITS// /,} \
      --prepare "killall -9 bitcoind 2>/dev/null; rm -f $DATA_DIR/debug.log; git clean -fxd; git reset --hard {COMMIT} && \
        cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DENABLE_IPC=OFF && ninja -C build bitcoind -j1 && \
        ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=$DATA_DIR -stopatheight=$STOP -dbcache=1000 -printtoconsole=0; sleep 20; rm -f $DATA_DIR/debug.log" \
      --conclude "killall bitcoind || true; sleep 5; grep -q 'height=0' $DATA_DIR/debug.log && grep -q 'Disabling script verification at block #1' $DATA_DIR/debug.log && grep -q 'height=$STOP' $DATA_DIR/debug.log; \
                  cp $DATA_DIR/debug.log $LOG_DIR/debug-{COMMIT}-$(date +%s).log" \
      "COMPILER=$CC ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=$DATA_DIR -stopatheight=$STOP -dbcache=$DBCACHE -reindex-chainstate -blocksonly -connect=0 -printtoconsole=0";
  done

  595504a Merge #34236: Add sedited to trusted-keys
  63e822b validation: make `IsInitialBlockDownload()` lock-free

  2026-01-12 | reindex-chainstate | 931139 blocks | dbcache 4500 | i9-ssd | x86_64 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9900K CPU @ 3.60GHz | 16 cores | 62Gi RAM | SSD

  Benchmark 1: COMPILER=gcc ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/BitcoinData -stopatheight=931139 -dbcache=4500 -reindex-chainstate -blocksonly -connect=0 -printtoconsole=0 (COMMIT = 595504a)
    Time (abs ≡):        17187.310 s               [User: 33104.415 s, System: 937.548 s]

  Benchmark 2: COMPILER=gcc ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/BitcoinData -stopatheight=931139 -dbcache=4500 -reindex-chainstate -blocksonly -connect=0 -printtoconsole=0 (COMMIT = 63e822b)
    Time (abs ≡):        17240.300 s               [User: 33164.803 s, System: 976.485 s]

  Relative speed comparison
          1.00          COMPILER=gcc ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/BitcoinData -stopatheight=931139 -dbcache=4500 -reindex-chainstate -blocksonly -connect=0 -printtoconsole=0 (COMMIT = 595504a)
          1.00          COMPILER=gcc ./build/bin/bitcoind -datadir=/mnt/my_storage/BitcoinData -stopatheight=931139 -dbcache=4500 -reindex-chainstate -blocksonly -connect=0 -printtoconsole=0 (COMMIT = 63e822b)
  ```

  </details>

ACKs for top commit:
  sedited:
    ACK 557b41a
  sipa:
    utACK 557b41a
  mzumsande:
    Code Review ACK 557b41a

Tree-SHA512: 174015b9785846fc3375bd9d6e4ef91de47ffb659a94d645c49d333a33a32986d5c3cb2eb5a0a7245f96580ed6fea4ba5b7f93cac7e42e3b225f0a01538a2e5c
… allocation

2845f10 test: extend FreeBSD ephemeral port range fix to P2P listeners (node)
34bed0e test: use IP_PORTRANGE_HIGH on FreeBSD for dynamic port allocation (woltx)

Pull request description:

  Reopening #34336. I’ve now tested it on FreeBSD and confirmed it works.

  On FreeBSD, the default ephemeral port range (10000-65535) overlaps with the test framework's static port range (11000-26000), possibly causing intermittent "address already in use" failures when tests use dynamic port allocation (`port=0`).

  This PR adds a helper that sets `IP_PORTRANGE_HIGH` via `setsockopt()` before binding, requesting ports from 49152-65535 instead, which avoids the overlap, as suggested in #34331 (comment) by @maflcko .

  From FreeBSD's [sys/netinet/in.h](https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/sys/netinet/in.h):
    ```c
    #define IP_PORTRANGE         19
    #define IP_PORTRANGE_HIGH    1
    #define IPPORT_EPHEMERALFIRST 10000  /* default range start */
    #define IPPORT_HIFIRSTAUTO   49152   /* high range start */
  ```

  See also: FreeBSD https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ip&sektion=4 man page.

  Fixes #34331

ACKs for top commit:
  vasild:
    ACK 2845f10
  hebasto:
    ACK 2845f10, I have reviewed the code and it looks OK.

Tree-SHA512: ce501ce3e8a4023e07bad572df2b85d6829becf133813e4529aebba83e4eba59fa8b48e9d2197ebbb226adaf3054fad720775a787244d6b38c0078ee086102f4
@pull pull bot locked and limited conversation to collaborators Jan 29, 2026
@pull pull bot added the ⤵️ pull label Jan 29, 2026
@pull pull bot merged commit f7e0c3d into All-Blockchains:master Jan 29, 2026
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5 participants