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Sports clocks and counters
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‎sports_button_lm/configs/v8c-6tube-relayswitch-pwm.h‎

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//UNDB v8 modified to v9 spec (put Sel/Alt on A7/A6, Up/Down on A0/A1, relay on A3, led on 9, and cathode B4 on A2), relay disabled, Sel/Alt buttons reversed, with 6-digit display.
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// What input is associated with each control?
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const byte mainSel = A6;
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const byte mainAdjUp = A0;
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const byte mainAdjDn = A1;
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const byte altSel = A7; //if not equipped, set to 0
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// What type of adj controls are equipped?
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// 1 = momentary buttons. 2 = quadrature rotary encoder (not currently supported).
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const byte mainAdjType = 1;
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//What are the signal pin(s) connected to?
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const char piezoPin = 10;
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// How long (in ms) are the button hold durations?
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const word btnShortHold = 1000; //for setting the displayed feataure
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const word btnLongHold = 3000; //for for entering options menu
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const char ledPin = 9;
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const char beepTone = 75;
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//This clock is 2x3 multiplexed: two tubes powered at a time.
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//The anode channel determines which two tubes are powered,
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//and the two SN74141 cathode driver chips determine which digits are lit.
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//4 pins out to each SN74141, representing a binary number with values [1,2,4,8]
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const char outA1 = 2;
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const char outA2 = 3;
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const char outA3 = 4;
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const char outA4 = 5;
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const char outB1 = 6;
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const char outB2 = 7;
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const char outB3 = 8;
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const char outB4 = 16; //A2 - was 9 before PWM fix pt2
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//3 pins out to anode channel switches
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const char anode1 = 11;
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const char anode2 = 12;
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const char anode3 = 13;

‎sports_button_lm/sports_button_lm.ino‎

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//For sports exhibit: how many times can you press Sel in N seconds?
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//For 6-tube display
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#include "configs/v8c-6tube-relayswitch-pwm.h"
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// Hardware inputs and value setting
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byte btnCur = 0; //Momentary button currently in use - only one allowed at a time
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byte btnCurHeld = 0; //Button hold thresholds: 0=none, 1=unused, 2=short, 3=long, 4=set by btnStop()
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unsigned long inputLast = 0; //When a button was last pressed
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unsigned long inputLast2 = 0; //Second-to-last of above
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//TODO the math between these two may fail very rarely due to millis() rolling over while setting. Need to find a fix. I think it only applies to the rotary encoder though.
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word timerStart = 5;
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byte isRunning = 0; //1 if running, 2 if finished(?)
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unsigned long runStart = 0;
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word btnCount = 0;
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word timerCur = 5;
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word timerLast = 5;
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////////// Main code control //////////
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void setup(){
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Serial.begin(9600);
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initInputs();
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delay(100);
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initOutputs(); //depends on some EEPROM settings
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updateDisplay();
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}
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void loop(){
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//TODO does not account for millis rollover - should be restarted at least once every 49 days
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//while (millis() < start + ms) ; // BUGGY version
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//while (millis() - start < ms) ; // CORRECT version
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//https://arduino.stackexchange.com/a/12588
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if(isRunning==1) {
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unsigned long now = millis();
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if(now-runStart >= timerStart*1000) { //If timer has finished, stop it
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Serial.println(F("Stopping."));
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timerCur = 0;
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timerLast = 0;
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isRunning = 0; //or 2
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tone(piezoPin,getHz(beepTone),500);
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updateDisplay();
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} else {
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timerCur = timerStart - ((now - runStart)/1000); //Update timercur value
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if(timerLast>timerCur) {
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Serial.print(timerCur,DEC);
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Serial.println(" seconds left");
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updateDisplay();
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//tone(piezoPin,getHz(beepTone),50);
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timerLast = timerCur;
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}
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}
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}
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checkInputs(); //if inputs have changed, this will do things + updateDisplay as needed
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cycleDisplay(); //keeps the display hardware multiplexing cycle going
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}
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////////// Control inputs //////////
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void initInputs(){
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//TODO are there no "loose" pins left floating after this? per https://electronics.stackexchange.com/q/37696/151805
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pinMode(mainSel, INPUT_PULLUP);
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pinMode(mainAdjUp, INPUT_PULLUP);
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pinMode(mainAdjDn, INPUT_PULLUP);
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pinMode(altSel, INPUT_PULLUP);
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//rotary encoder init
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//TODO encoder support
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}
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void checkInputs(){
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//TODO can all this if/else business be defined at load instead of evaluated every sample? OR is it compiled that way?
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//TODO potential issue: if user only means to rotate or push encoder but does both?
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//check button states
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checkBtn(mainSel); //main select
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if(mainAdjType==1) { checkBtn(mainAdjUp); checkBtn(mainAdjDn); } //if mainAdj is buttons
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if(altSel!=0) checkBtn(altSel); //alt select (if equipped)
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}
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bool readInput(byte pin){
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if(pin==A6 || pin==A7) return analogRead(pin)<100?0:1; //analog-only pins
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else return digitalRead(pin);
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}
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void checkBtn(byte btn){
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//Changes in momentary buttons, LOW = pressed.
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//When a button event has occurred, will call ctrlEvt
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bool bnow = readInput(btn);
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unsigned long now = millis();
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//If the button has just been pressed, and no other buttons are in use...
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if(btnCur==0 && bnow==LOW) {
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btnCur = btn; btnCurHeld = 0; inputLast2 = inputLast; inputLast = now;
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ctrlEvt(btn,1); //hey, the button has been pressed
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}
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//If the button is being held...
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if(btnCur==btn && bnow==LOW) {
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if((unsigned long)(now-inputLast)>=btnLongHold && btnCurHeld < 3) { //account for rollover
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btnCurHeld = 3;
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ctrlEvt(btn,3); //hey, the button has been long-held
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}
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else if((unsigned long)(now-inputLast)>=btnShortHold && btnCurHeld < 2) {
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btnCurHeld = 2;
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ctrlEvt(btn,2); //hey, the button has been short-held
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}
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}
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//If the button has just been released...
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if(btnCur==btn && bnow==HIGH) {
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btnCur = 0;
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if(btnCurHeld < 4) ctrlEvt(btn,0); //hey, the button was released
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btnCurHeld = 0;
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}
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}
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void btnStop(){
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//In some cases, when handling btn evt 1/2/3, we may call this so following events 2/3/0 won't cause unintended behavior (e.g. after a fn change, or going in or out of set)
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btnCurHeld = 4;
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}
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////////// Input handling and value setting //////////
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void ctrlEvt(byte ctrl, byte evt){
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// Serial.print(F("Button "));
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// Serial.print(ctrl,DEC);
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// Serial.println(F(" pressed"));
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//Handle control events (from checkBtn or checkRot), based on current fn and set state.
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//evt: 1=press, 2=short hold, 3=long hold, 0=release.
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if(evt==1) { //only event we care about
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if(isRunning==0) {
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if(ctrl==mainSel && (millis()-runStart >= (timerStart+2)*1000)) {
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//start!
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Serial.println(F("Starting! 1 press"));
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timerCur = timerStart;
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timerLast = timerStart;
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isRunning = 1;
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btnCount = 1;
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runStart = millis();
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tone(piezoPin, getHz(beepTone), 50);
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updateDisplay();
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}
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//else if up, change the count time
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else if(ctrl==mainAdjUp) {
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switch(timerStart) {
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case 3: timerStart=5; break;
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case 5: timerStart=10; break;
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case 10: timerStart=15; break;
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case 15: timerStart=3; break;
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default: break;
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}
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timerCur = timerStart;
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updateDisplay();
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}
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else if(ctrl==mainAdjDn) {
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switch(timerStart) {
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case 3: timerStart=15; break;
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case 5: timerStart=3; break;
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case 10: timerStart=5; break;
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case 15: timerStart=10; break;
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default: break;
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}
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timerCur = timerStart;
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timerLast = timerStart;
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updateDisplay();
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}
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}
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else if(isRunning==1) {
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if(ctrl==mainSel) {
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//increment button count
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btnCount++;
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Serial.print(btnCount,DEC);
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Serial.println(F(" presses"));
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//tone(piezoPin,getHz(beepTone),50);
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updateDisplay();
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}
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}
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else { //isRunning=2
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if(ctrl==mainSel && (millis()-runStart >= (timerStart+2)*1000)) {
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//reset - but wait 2 seconds
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Serial.println(F("Resetting"));
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isRunning = 0;
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btnCount = 0;
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timerCur = timerStart;
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timerLast = timerStart;
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tone(piezoPin, getHz(beepTone), 50);
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updateDisplay();
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}
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}
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} //end if evt==1
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} //end ctrlEvt
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////////// Display data formatting //////////
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byte displayNext[6] = {15,15,15,15,15,15}; //Internal representation of display. Blank to start. Change this to change tubes.
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byte displayLast[6] = {11,11,11,11,11,11}; //for noticing changes to displayNext and fading the display to it
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byte scrollDisplay[6] = {15,15,15,15,15,15}; //For animating a value into displayNext from right, and out to left
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void updateDisplay(){
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editDisplay(btnCount, 0, 3, 0, 0); //button count
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editDisplay(timerCur, 4, 5, 0, 0); //countdown
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} //end updateDisplay()
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void editDisplay(word n, byte posStart, byte posEnd, bool leadingZeros, bool fade){
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//Splits n into digits, sets them into displayNext in places posSt-posEnd (inclusive), with or without leading zeros
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//If there are blank places (on the left of a non-leading-zero number), uses value 15 to blank tube
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//If number has more places than posEnd-posStart, the higher places are truncated off (e.g. 10015 on 4 tubes --> 0015)
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word place;
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for(byte i=0; i<=posEnd-posStart; i++){
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switch(i){ //because int(pow(10,1))==10 but int(pow(10,2))==99...
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case 0: place=1; break;
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case 1: place=10; break;
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case 2: place=100; break;
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case 3: place=1000; break;
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default: break;
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}
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displayNext[posEnd-i] = (i==0&&n==0 ? 0 : (n>=place ? (n/place)%10 : (leadingZeros?0:15)));
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if(!fade) displayLast[posEnd-i] = displayNext[posEnd-i]; //cycleDisplay will be none the wiser
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}
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} //end editDisplay()
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////////// Hardware outputs //////////
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//This clock is 2x3 multiplexed: two tubes powered at a time.
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//The anode channel determines which two tubes are powered,
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//and the two SN74141 cathode driver chips determine which digits are lit.
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//4 pins out to each SN74141, representing a binary number with values [1,2,4,8]
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byte binOutA[4] = {outA1,outA2,outA3,outA4};
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byte binOutB[4] = {outB1,outB2,outB3,outB4};
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//3 pins out to anode channel switches
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byte anodes[3] = {anode1,anode2,anode3};
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const int fadeDur = 5; //ms - each multiplexed pair of digits appears for this amount of time per cycle
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const int dimDur = 4; //ms - portion of fadeDur that is left dark during dim times
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int fadeNextDur = 0; //ms - during fade, incoming digit's portion of fadeDur
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int fadeLastDur = fadeDur; //ms - during fade, outgoing digit's portion of fadeDur
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unsigned long fadeStartLast = 0; //millis - when the last digit fade was started
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unsigned long setStartLast = 0; //to control flashing during start
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void initOutputs() {
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for(byte i=0; i<4; i++) { pinMode(binOutA[i],OUTPUT); pinMode(binOutB[i],OUTPUT); }
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for(byte i=0; i<3; i++) { pinMode(anodes[i],OUTPUT); }
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if(piezoPin>=0) pinMode(piezoPin, OUTPUT);
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if(ledPin>=0) pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); analogWrite(ledPin,0); //don't want it
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}
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void cycleDisplay(){
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//Anode channel 0: tubes #2 (min x10) and #5 (sec x1)
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setCathodes(displayLast[2],displayLast[5]); //Via d2b decoder chip, set cathodes to old digits
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digitalWrite(anodes[0], HIGH); //Turn on tubes
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delay(fadeLastDur);//-(dim?dimDur:0)); //Display for fade-out cycles
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setCathodes(displayNext[2],displayNext[5]); //Switch cathodes to new digits
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delay(fadeNextDur);//-(dim?dimDur:0)); //Display for fade-in cycles
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digitalWrite(anodes[0], LOW); //Turn off tubes
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//Anode channel 1: tubes #4 (sec x10) and #1 (hour x1)
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setCathodes(displayLast[4],displayLast[1]);
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digitalWrite(anodes[1], HIGH);
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delay(fadeLastDur);
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setCathodes(displayNext[4],displayNext[1]);
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delay(fadeNextDur);
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digitalWrite(anodes[1], LOW);
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//Anode channel 2: tubes #0 (hour x10) and #3 (min x1)
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setCathodes(displayLast[0],displayLast[3]);
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digitalWrite(anodes[2], HIGH);
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delay(fadeLastDur);
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setCathodes(displayNext[0],displayNext[3]);
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delay(fadeNextDur);
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digitalWrite(anodes[2], LOW);
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} //end cycleDisplay()
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void setCathodes(byte decValA, byte decValB){
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bool binVal[4]; //4-bit binary number with values [1,2,4,8]
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decToBin(binVal,decValA); //have binary value of decVal set into binVal
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for(byte i=0; i<4; i++) digitalWrite(binOutA[i],binVal[i]); //set bin inputs of SN74141
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decToBin(binVal,decValB);
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for(byte i=0; i<4; i++) digitalWrite(binOutB[i],binVal[i]); //set bin inputs of SN74141
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} //end setCathodes()
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void decToBin(bool binVal[], byte i){
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//binVal is a reference (modify in place) of a binary number bool[4] with values [1,2,4,8]
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if(i<0 || i>15) i=15; //default value, turns tubes off
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binVal[3] = int(i/8)%2;
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binVal[2] = int(i/4)%2;
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binVal[1] = int(i/2)%2;
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binVal[0] = i%2;
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} //end decToBin()
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word getHz(byte note){
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//Given a piano key note, return frequency
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char relnote = note-49; //signed, relative to concert A
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float reloct = relnote/12.0; //signed
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word mult = 440*pow(2,reloct);
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return mult;
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}

‎sports_reacttime_lm/configs/v8-cylinder.h‎

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//UNDB v8 modified to v9 spec (put Sel/Alt on A7/A6, Up/Down on A0/A1, relay on A3, led on 9, and cathode B4 on A2), relay disabled, Sel/Alt buttons reversed, with 6-digit display.
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// What input is associated with each control?
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const byte mainSel = A1;
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const byte mainAdjUp = A2;
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const byte mainAdjDn = A3;
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const byte altSel = A0; //if not equipped, set to 0
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// What type of adj controls are equipped?
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// 1 = momentary buttons. 2 = quadrature rotary encoder (not currently supported).
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const byte mainAdjType = 1;
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//What are the signal pin(s) connected to?
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const char piezoPin = 10;
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// How long (in ms) are the button hold durations?
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const word btnShortHold = 1000; //for setting the displayed feataure
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const word btnLongHold = 3000; //for for entering options menu
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const char ledPin = 9;
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const char beepTone = 75;
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//This clock is 2x3 multiplexed: two tubes powered at a time.
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//The anode channel determines which two tubes are powered,
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//and the two SN74141 cathode driver chips determine which digits are lit.
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//4 pins out to each SN74141, representing a binary number with values [1,2,4,8]
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const char outA1 = 2;
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const char outA2 = 3;
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const char outA3 = 4;
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const char outA4 = 5;
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const char outB1 = 6;
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const char outB2 = 7;
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const char outB3 = 8;
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const char outB4 = 9;
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//3 pins out to anode channel switches
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const char anode1 = 11;
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const char anode2 = 12;
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const char anode3 = 13;

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